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5 cards from this section. Quick, good the night before a test.
Give the IUPAC name of CH₃CHO.
Two carbon atoms, with the ending -al.
What is the hybridisation of the carbonyl carbon in an aldehyde?
Count the σ bonds around the carbonyl carbon.
What is the IUPAC name of HCHO?
One carbon, ending -al.
The carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde is
A double bond to oxygen and two other single bonds.
A student names three compounds as follows: CH₃CH₂CH₂CHO as "1-butanal", (CH₃)₂CHCHO as "isobutanal" and C₆H₁₁CHO (a –CHO group on a cyclohexane ring) as "cyclohexanal". Correct each name and explain the rule broken.
Check the locant rule, the mixing of naming systems, and the rule for rings.
Using the structure of the carbonyl group, explain why the carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde is attacked by nucleophiles, and why methanal is attacked more readily than ethanal.
Consider both the electronic effect and the size of the groups on the carbonyl carbon.
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