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5 cards from this section. Quick, good the night before a test.
In terms of cell division, what is cancer?
Normal cells divide only when the body needs new cells.
What is the aim of regenerative medicine?
'Regenerate' means to grow again.
What is metastasis?
It is what makes malignant tumours especially dangerous.
Which is an example of regenerative medicine?
Look for the option that rebuilds tissue.
A new targeted drug for a type of leukaemia is ready for clinical trials. (a) Describe what Phase 1, Phase 2 and Phase 3 trials test. (b) In a Phase 3 trial, 36 of 48 patients on the new drug and 24 of 48 patients on the standard treatment were free of detectable cancer after one year. Calculate both percentages and suggest one feature of the trial design that makes this comparison fair.
Percentage = number with the outcome ÷ number in the group × 100.
The HeLa cell line was grown from cancer cells taken from Henrietta Lacks in 1951, without her knowledge. HeLa cells have since been used in thousands of studies, including work that helped test the first polio vaccine. Evaluate the ethics of using human cells in research, using this case.
Weigh the scientific benefits against consent, privacy and fairness.
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