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2 cards from this section. Quick, good the night before a test.
What does the hydraulic gradient line represent in an open channel?
Think about where the water level is in a channel.
What role does a pump play in a fluid system?
Consider energy transfer in the context of fluid flow.
What does the hydraulic gradient line represent in an open channel?
Consider where the water sits in a channel.
True or False: A pump extracts energy from the fluid.
Think about the function of a pump in fluid mechanics.
A pipe with a diameter of 10 cm has water flowing through it at 2 m/s, and the outlet pressure is 150 kPa. Calculate the hydraulic gradient and the expected energy gradient line, considering frictional losses.
Use A = π*(d/2)^2 to find cross-sectional area and calculate expected energy.
Design a system incorporating a pump and a turbine. The pump needs to lift water from a lower reservoir by 5 m against atmospheric pressure. Give the required input power considering efficiency ratings of both devices.
Use the power output formula, and apply efficiency ratings from standard sources.
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