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2 cards from this section. Quick, good the night before a test.
What happens to pressure at the exit of a pipe flowing into the atmosphere?
Think about atmospheric conditions.
Define hydraulic gradient line.
Reflect on open channel flows.
What does the hydraulic gradient line represent?
Consider what is visible in open channels.
True or False: An energy gradient line is always above the hydraulic gradient line.
Think of what each line represents.
Given a pipe with a diameter halved at the midpoint, derive the velocity change and calculate the pressure difference based on Bernoulli's equation.
Consider how area impacts velocity.
A turbine extracts 1000 J of energy from water and operates with 80% efficiency. Calculate the input energy needed.
Think of the definition of efficiency.
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