Unit 8: Acids and Bases - IB 11 Chemistry

Sections

45 sections

About this chapter

Acids and bases are essential concepts in chemistry, influencing numerous reactions and biological processes. This chapter discusses various theories of acids and bases, including Arrhenius, Brønsted-Lowry, and Lewis theories, and covers pH calculations, as well as the behavior of strong and weak acids and bases. The chapter concludes with methods for acid-base titrations and the practical applications of these concepts in experimental contexts.

Learning objectives

Acids and bases can be defined through various theoretical models that reflect their behaviors in different environments.
pH calculations for various types of acids and bases allow chemists to predict the outcomes of reactions and the nature of solutions.
Titrations are quantitative methods for determining the concentration of unknown solutions, using known standards.

Key concepts

Arrhenius Theory

Defines acids as substances that increase H+ ions in aqueous solutions and bases as those that increase OH- ions.

Brønsted-Lowry Theory

Defines acids as proton donors and bases as proton acceptors, introducing the concept of conjugate acid-base pairs.

Lewis Theory

Broadens the definition of acids and bases to electron pair acceptors and donors, respectively.

pH Scale

A logarithmic scale measuring the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution, indicating its acidity or basicity.

Acid-Base Titration

A laboratory method used to determine the concentration of an acid or base by neutralizing it with a base or acid of known concentration.

Chapter exercises

2+ questions

Total Questions

2

Estimated Time

4 min

Passing Score

70%

Instructions

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